Ukuthuthukiswa kwezizinda zikawoyela negesi kuwumsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi futhi obanzi ohlanganisa ukuhlola, ukumba, ukusebenza ngaphansi komhlaba, ukubuyiswa kukawoyela, ukuqoqa nokuthuthwa.Kudingeka inani elikhulu lamakhemikhali ekusebenzeni ngakunye.

Njengesisetshenziswa esibalulekile esiwusizo sokuhlola i-geological, izithasiselo zokumba ziye zafundwa futhi zasetshenziswa iminyaka eminingi ekhaya naphesheya, futhi amakhulu emikhiqizo ehlobene yenziwe.

Uketshezi lokumba luyaziwa nangokuthi udaka lokubhoboza.Umsebenzi walo ukuphula umongo, ukuthwala ama-cuttings, ukugcoba ibhithi lokupholisa, ukulinganisela ukucindezela kokubunjwa nokuvikela umgodi.Ukugcina ukusebenza kahle kodaka kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa isivinini sokumba nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwemigodi ephansi. , futhi i-ejenti yokwelapha iyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa kodaka.I-Drilling fluid kanye nama-ejenti okwelapha okuqeda amanzi ahlanganisa cishe isigamu samakhemikhali e-oilfield.

Isengezo sikasimende

1. Fi-ejenti yokulahlekelwa kwe-luid

Izinto ezinganciphisa ukulahlekelwa kokuhlunga kwe-cement slurry zibizwa ngokuhlanganyela njengama-ejenti okunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi odaka lukasimende.Njengamanje, ama-ejenti okunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi asetshenziswa ngokuvamile ahlanganisa i-polyacrylamide, i-carboxymethyl cellulose kanye nezinhlanganisela ze-organic acid.

1. Hudula isinciphisi (i-diluent, i-disperant, isinciphisi samanzi, isilawuli se-turbulence)

Ukumpompa okunyakazayo kwe-grout kuvame ukuveza imiphumela egculisayo.Izinciphisi zokudonsa zingalawula ukugeleza kwe-grout futhi zibangele ukugeleza kweziyaluyalu ngamanani epompo aphansi.I-Sulfomethyl tannin, i-tannin lye ne-sulfomethyl lignite zinemiphumela emihle yokunciphisa ukudonsa ebangeni elithile lokuqukethwe.

1. Ukuqina kwesikhathi isilawuli

Ngenxa yokujula okuhlukene kukasimende, udaka lukasimende luyadingeka ukuze lube nesikhathi esifanele sokujiya ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokusebenza okuphephile.

Izilawuli zesikhathi sokuqina zihlanganisa i-coagulant ne-retarding spines.I-coagulant iyisengezo esingenza usimende uqine ngokushesha, i-calcium chloride evame ukusetshenziswa, i-sodium chloride.I-Ammonium chloride, njll.Abadayisi bayizithasiselo ezingandisa isikhathi sokuqiniswa noma ukuqina kwe-slurry kasimende.Ama-retarders asetshenziswa kakhulu ahlanganisa ama-lignosulfonates kanye nokuphuma kwawo, usawoti wama-hydroxycarboxylic acid (njenge-citric tartaric acid) kanye nokuphuma kwawo.

1. Isilawuli esiqondile samandla adonsela phansi

Ngokwezimo ezihlukene zengcindezi yokwakheka, ukuminyana okuhlukile kodaka lukasimende kuyadingeka.Izithasiselo ezingashintsha ukuminyana kodaka lukasimende zibizwa ngokuthi izilawuli ezithile zamandla adonsela phansi, okuhlanganisa ama-agent okukhanyisa kanye nama-weighting agents.I-Lightening agents i-bentonite (eyaziwa nangokuthi ukususwa kwenhlabathi), i-asphalt eqinile, njll.I-agent yokulinganisa ine-barite, i-hematite, isihlabathi, usawoti. njalo njalo.